The Biochemistry of Fat Mobilization

Okay, yeah. So when we look at it, we have a fat cell. And a fat cell, all cells have to be stimulated to do things. So this is why we have receptors and this is why we have hormones. a hormone attaches to its receptor, and then it creates a downstream cascade of biochemical switches. So the biochemical switch for a fat cell, like one of them, is attaching to a beta receptor. You attach to a beta receptor, and this creates a downstream effect of phosphorylating hormone lipase which then creates an alteration in cyclic AMP Sorry cyclic AMP phosphorylates hormone lipase Hormone-sensitive lipase now starts to break triglyceride into isoglycerol, monoisoglycerol, and there's some other ones. I'm only saying hormone-sensitive lipase because that's probably the one that people, if they ever read this, that's the one they're going to see. but we have to take this backbone of triacylglyceride and break it down into a glycerol backbone and three fatty acids. Those three fatty acids are pushing the bloodstream. That's how we get rid of it. So it's, it's actually broken down via a stress hormone. One way it's broken down. So when you get lean, the easiest way to do this is to do things that now create a high level of adrenaline and noradrenaline, because those are the catecholamines that facilitate breaking down the trisoglycerol. So when you're when when you look at somebody who's really overweight, they're the fat cells can only get to a certain size before they have to push some of that fat back into the bloodstream. And this is how people get really, really when you see people like my 700 pound life on Discovery Channel or something, and you go, how can somebody get that big? Well, the fat cells can only hold a certain amount. So when they get to the point where they can't hold anymore, they start pushing the fat back into the bloodstream, which is why they get high triglycerides and dyslipidemia, bad cholesterol, all this stuff. They have to start making new fat cells from pre-adipocytes, adipocytes being a fat cell. So you have like pre-fat cells, like baby fat cells that now get turned into fully mature fat cells. So they have more storage tanks for the successive amount of energy that's in their body. So that's how they get more bigger and bigger over time. Now, keep in mind that they are already in tune to push their fat back into the bloodstream. The problem is they have an issue transporting that fat to where it needs to go, which is cardiac tissue, muscle tissue, any tissue that can burn body fat. So you go look at people who are really overweight, nine times out of 10, they're going to have high blood pressure. If you have high blood pressure, you don't have great vesodilation of your arteries. You don't have great vasodilation of your vascular system, it gets very difficult to move things around the body. So the fat cells or the fat that goes into the bloodstream goes through what's called re-esterification, meaning it's bonded back to glycerol and put back into the fat cell. So like we talked about in that course, you have four things you need to worry about. The first thing is you have to release the fat or get it out of the fat cell. The second thing is you have to transport it to some some place in the body that can burn it off the third thing is we have to burn it off which is beta beta oxidation and the fourth thing is trying to prevent re-esterification so it's like if you if you were to eat in a surplus and you went and trained you would release fat into the bloodstream because the training would pump up your adrenaline and noradrenaline which would attach to that receptor and cause a breakdown of fat. But if you weren't in a calorie deficit, if you ate back the energy that you did on your cardio, that fat would just go right back into a fat cell or a different fat cell somewhere in the body. So it's like you absolutely cannot lose body fat unless you're in a calorie deficit. So it's like when we talked about you can leverage nutrition, you can leverage training, you could write your program. let's say your TDEE, your total daily energy expenditure, all the energy you burned over the day was 3000. If you did 1000 calories of exercise, but then you ate that back, so you ate 4000 calories that day, you would never lose weight. If you if you did 1000 calories of exercise, and only ate the 3000, which is your your normal daily energy expenditure, you would lose weight, and you would lose it really quickly.